GLUTATIONI

[Bb]

Lähettäjä: Soijuv Lähetetty: 28.5.2004 13:53

Tutkimuksia glutationista. Artikkelin mukaan glutationia tulisi käyttää kaikissa degeneratiivisissa sairauksissa. Sitä on jokaisessa solussa ja ilman sitä solut eivät selviydy.



Glutathione: Life-Extending ?Master Antioxidant?

by Ward Dean, MD

http://www.vrp.com/pdf/marchNews2004.pdf


Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide molecule composed of glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. It is one of the main nonprotein antioxidants in the cell, and has been referred to as the body?s ?master antioxidant.? Glutathione is present in nearly all living cells, and without it they can?t survive.

The major functions of glutathione in the body include protecting cells against the destructive effects of free radicals; detoxifying external substances such as drugs, environmental pollutants and carcinogens; maintaining cell membrane stability; regulating protein and DNA iosynthesis and cell growth; enhancing immunologic function through its influence on lymphocytes; prostaglandin synthesis; and amino acid transport.

Clearly, with such widespread functions, glutathione has major effects on health at the molecular, cellular and organ levels.1,2 Glutathione and its related enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR), constitute what is known as the ?glutathione system? (Fig. 1).3

Page 3 of 34

Mitochondrial glutathione is critical to the healthy cell, and is probably the most important antioxidant defense system within the mitochondria. Agerelated alterations in these enzymes can have a profound adverse effect health, as this article will explain.
.......

Glutathione in Health and Disease

Just as high glutathione levels are related to increased survival and longer life in all organisms tested so far, lower levels are related to poorer health and a number of chronic degenerative diseases, including heart disease, arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, genitourinary, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal diseases, age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), preeclampsia, cataracts, chronic renal failure, leukemia, respiratory diseases like COPD and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), hearing loss, and AIDS.1,10-14

Lang concluded that decreased GSH is a risk factor for chronic diseases and may be used to monitor the severity and progress of the diseases.15

Conversely, Dr. Mara Julius of the Department of Epidemiology, University
of Michigan, in a study of 33 subjects over the age of 60, found that higher glutathione levels were associated with fewer illnesses and higher levels of self-rated health, lower cholesterol, lower body mass index and lower blood pressures. The author noted that this was the first study that showed an association of higher glutathione levels with higher levels of physical health in a community-based sample.16

Glutathione and Detoxification

One of glutathione?s primary roles in the body is to detoxify a number of drugs and toxins. Acetaminophen (APAP, i.e., Tylenol) has been studied intensively in regard to its glutathione-depleting properties, and with regard to glutathione?s ability to prevent APAP-induced liver and kidney damage.

Page 7 of 34

Since GSH levels decrease with aging in all tissues, including the liver and kidney, older organisms are thus at even greater risk to APAP-induced liver and renal damage than younger organisms.

Lang?s group studied the effect of APAP on the livers of mice of different ages, and the extent of GSH depletion and recovery. In control animals, GSH concentrations decreased about 30 percent over the lifespan of the aging mouse, compared to younger animals.

Four hours after APAP administration, GSH levels of the young, growing (3- to 6-month-old), mature (12-month-old), and old (31-month-old) mice decreased about 70 percent. The growing and mature mice recovered to near control values by 24 hours (94 and 66 percent, respectively). In contrast, old mice recovered only 41 percent in 24 hours (Fig. 5).

These results clearly demonstrate that the aging mouse liver is not only deficient in GSH, but has a reduced recovery capacity.17,18 This illustrates the danger of chronic administration of glutathione-depleting drugs like Tylenolespecially to older people.

Increasing Tissue Glutathione Levels

It is clear that those with the highest glutathione levels are likely to live the longest in the best of health. A number of ways have been demonstrated to increase glutathione (GSH) and the glutathione enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (G-Px) and glutathione reductase (GR).

Page 8 of 34

Several small studies have shown that moderate, prolonged physical exercise increases glutathione and its related enzyme levels in the blood and skeletal muscles.19,20

Many vitamins and nutritional supplements are also glutathione boosters.

Lipoic acid, pine bark extract (pycnogenol), melatonin, bilberry, grape extract, and turmeric have all been shown to elevate glutathione. Oral glutamine may also raise tissue glutathione levels,21 although there are conflicting reports.22

I used to think that oral glutathione was destroyed in the stomach, and was not effective in raising glutathione concentrations. However, Dr. Steve Edelson, of the Edelson Center for Environmental and Preventive Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia, kindly sent me a number of articles that convinced me otherwise.

These articles demonstrated that about 80 percent of oral glutathione is absorbed intact, and that the blood levels remain elevated for about three hours (Fig. 6).23-26

Foods that are high in glutathione include horseradish and cruciferous vegetables such as cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, kale, and brussels prouts.

Dietary supplements that have been demonstrated to predictably raise blood glutathione levels are the glutathione precursors whey protein,5,27,28 and Nacetylcysteine (in a dose of 1,800-2,400 mg daily),12 or (as mentioned above) glutathione itself (recommended dose, 1-2 grams daily). A prudent person would probably use a combination of these modalities.

Many physicians are also using intravenous infusions of glutathione,ranging in dosages of 400-600 mg three to seven days a week for a number conditions, including Parkinson?s and Alzheimer?s diseases, strokes, ALS, and other chronic degenerative diseases.29 Based on the work of Drs. Lang.

Page 9 of 34

Richie, Buonous, Perlmutter, and others, it appears that glutathione and its precursors should be used for the prevention and treatment of virtually every chronic degenerative disease.

[Bb]

Lähettäjä: Sar_Ani Lähetetty: 4.6.2004 21:04

MIstä sitä saa ruokavalioonsa Suomessa?
_____________________________________________________________


Lähettäjä: Sailairina Lähetetty: 5.6.2004 0:59

Luontaistuotekaupoista sekä netistä (esim. Pakkotoisto-sivut) saa mm.
- Solgarin Formula VM 2000, joka on monivitamiini ja hivenainevalmiste (sisältää myös tärkeän foolin). Siinä on L-glutation 5 mg ja glutamiinihappoa 25 mg kahdessa kapselissa
- L-Glutamine 200g (purkki maksaa 28 euroa, en muista missä hinnan näin)

Mitä eroa on glutamiinihapolla ja L-gl?
_____________________________________________________________


Lähettäjä: Sailairina Lähetetty: 5.6.2004 1:20

Lisäys vielä edelliseen (lainaus Pakkotoisto sivuilta)
"Glutamiini toimii myös kehon ehkä tärkeimmän vesiliukoisen antioksidantin, glutationin esiasteena. Raskas harjoittelu ja ikääntyminen vähentävät merkittävästi glutationin määrää, mikä johtaa soluvaurioihin. Glutationi suojelee myös maksaa. L-glutamiinia on kritisoitu siitä, että vain pieni osa pääsee vereen saakka. Suurin osa metaboloituu ohutsuolen limakalvon soluissa. Sisäelinteen ja immuunijärjestelmän käyttämä glutamiini ei mene kuitenkaan hukkaan, sillä se vähentää vastaavasti lihasten purkamista samaan tarkoitukseen. Tietysti glutamiinin voi nauttia kielen alla hitaasti sulattaen, jolloin huomattavasti suurempi osa päätyy suoraan vereen. "

Solgarin tuotteista lisätietoa: http://www.solgar-suomi.com/Solgar/Pages/tuote.html

Myös Twinlabin jossain tuotteessa, Sport ?, oli 17 mg L-glutationia, mutta purkin hinta oli yli 50 euroa!
_____________________________________________________________


Lähettäjä: jukka61 Lähetetty: 5.6.2004 9:54

Kaikki kaalit on aika hyviä "lähteitä", niinkuin tuokin tutkimus osoittaa. Lisäksi näyttää mustikka, männynkuori, greippi, jne. toimivan hyvänä "boosterina". Kuriositeettina voisi mainita, että jenkkien hävittäjälentäjien ruokavalioon kuuluu mustikka pakollisena, sen verran vakuuttuneita he ovat mustikan terveysvaikutuksista, eritoten näköön.

Itse tulee käytettyä päivittäin mustikkaa, piparjuurta, parsakaalia ja muita kaaleja. Ennen tätä kirottua Borrea, eräs vanhempien perhetuttu vannoi parsakaalin nimeen, teki siitä mehua 2 kertaa päivässä (ja oli muutenkin vegaani).

Nyt yli 60 kymppisenä näyttää edelleen 40 kymppiseltä ja kertomansa mukaan juuri sairastele, vaan työskentelee ja harrastaa niinkuin ennenkin. Hänet sysäsi aikoinaan vege-linjalla jatkuva sairastelu ja väsymys.

Ikuisuuskysymys on sitten, keitä tällainen muutos auttaa ja miten esim. meillä, joilla lienee krooninen infektio, vaikutus näkyy.