HODGKININ TAUTI INFEKTIOTAUTI?

[Bb]

Lähettäjä: Soijuv Lähetetty: 3.3.2006 9:09

Erittäin mielenkiintoinen tutkimus vaikka ei käsittelekään suoranaisesti borrelioosia. Tosin borrelioosia sairastavilla on todettu suurentuneet mahdollisuudet sairastua syöpiin. Seuraavan tutkimuksen mukaan mikrobiologisissa tutkimuksissa on havaittu Hodgkinin taudin sekä mahdollisesti muidenkin syöpien olevan yhteydessä mikrobeihin (pleomorfisiin bakteereihin = viruksen kaltaisiin bakteereihin).

Aikoinaan ei uskottu vatsahaavan johtuvan mikrobeista jonka vuoksi tautia hoidettiin vuosikymmeniä väärin. Mikäli infektioiden yhteys syöpiin hyväksytään/todetaan kiistatta, muuttaisi se todennäköisesti radikaalisti myös syöpien hoitoa.


Koko tutkimus löytyy seuraavasta osoitteesta: http://www.joimr.org/phorum/read.php?f=2&i=108&t=108
Author: Alan Cantwell (---.hsd1.ut.comcast.net)
Date: 02-21-06 14:06

Pleomorphic Bacteria as a Cause of Hodgkin?s Disease (Hodgkin?s lymphoma):

A Review of the Literature


Author: Alan R Cantwell, Jr., M.D.
Los Angeles, California
contact email: AlanRCan@aol.com

Paper Type: Review

Please cite as: Cantwell AR Jr. Pleomorphic Bacteria as a Cause of Hodgkin?s Disease (Hodgkin?s lymphoma): A Review of the Literature. JOIMR 2006;4(1):1
Published: 21 February 2006
(C) 2006, by Alan Cantwell, Jr. M.D.

Abstract
Hodgkin?s disease (HD) is widely considered a neoplastic disease. However, for more than a century some investigators have considered HD an infectious disease, caused by pleomorphic bacteria closely related to the mycobacteria that cause tuberculosis. A recent report showing ?intracellular bacteria? in HD, as well as a previous electron microscopic study showing intra- and extracellular ?microorganism-like structures,? adds credence to the idea that bacteria are associated with HD. This communication provides a review of the largely forgotten literature pertaining to the complex microbiology of HD. Microphotographs of cell wall deficient and mycoplasma-like intracellular and extracellular forms, observed in vivo in acid-fast stained microscopic tissue sections of HD, are also presented, as previously reported.

Bacteria in Hodgkin?s Disease
Hodgkin?s disease was first described in 1832 by Thomas Hodgkins. For more than a century HD was not considered a cancer, but was widely regarded as a bacterial and infectious disease, possibly related to tuberculosis.

The cause of HD is unknown. However, over the past century there have been various reports implicating ?pleomorphic? bacteria, possibly derived from the so-called ?acid-fast? (red-staining) mycobacteria that cause tuberculosis. Pleomorphic bacteria are capable of assuming different shapes and sizes. Bacteria observed and cultured from HD are most commonly described as intermittently acid-fast round coccus forms resembling common staphylococci; and rod-shaped bacteria known as corynebacteria (also called ?diphtheroid? bacteria and ?propionibacteria?) [1-8].

Hodgkin?s Disease Coexisting with Other Cancers
HD is considered a form of cancer affecting the lymphatic system, usually beginning as a painless swelling of lymph glands (nodes). Later stages of the disease include fever, persistent fatigue, weight loss, itching, and night sweats. Some of these clinical signs resemble those of tuberculosis (TB).

A definitive diagnosis of HD is made by the pathologist based on the type of cell found on biopsy. A distinct kind of cell (the so-called ?Reed-Sternberg cell?) is a hallmark of this cancer. Carl Sternberg himself claimed in 1898 that HD was caused by TB bacteria; and Dorothy Reed noted the frequent association of tuberculosis, even finding TB and HD in the same lymph node, as quoted by Stewart [4].

HD and tuberculosis can coexist in the same patient. A recent report of a Polish case concluded ?the association between HD and TB must be considered, especially in countries where the latter is endemic. The diagnosis may be difficult due to similarities in the clinical course, laboratory tests and imaging procedures? [9].

HD can also coexist with sarcoidosis, a disease often affecting the lungs and lymph nodes and long thought to also have a close relationship with TB and TB bacteria [10]. Lymph nodes draining cancer can occasionally show evidence of sarcoidosis.

Recent observations suggest a closer association between HD and ?non-Hodgkin?s lymphoma? than previously recognized [11]. There are about 8000 cases of HD diagnosed yearly in the U.S.; and 55,000 cases of non-Hodgkin?s. Various pathological types of ?B-cell? and ?T-cell? non-Hodgkin?s lymphoma can be further divided and classified into aggressive and non-aggressive, and slow and fast-growing types. Each type of lymphoma looks slightly different under a microscope and each carries a different prognosis.

?T-cell lymphoma of the skin? is also known as mycosis fungoides; and HD and mycosis fungoides may also coexist together in the same patient [12]. Pleomorphic acid-fast bacteria similar to those found in HD have also been reported in mycosis fungoides and non-Hodgkin?s lymphoma, by Busni [1-2], Aplas [13-14], and Cantwell [15-16].

HD is also closely related to leukemia [17] and Kaposi?s sarcoma [18]. French physician Georges Mazet found acid-fast bacteria in the blood of leukemia cases in 1962 [19]. AIDS patients have an increased incidence of both Hodgkin?s and non-Hodgkin?s lymphoma, as well as a high incidence of Kaposi?s sarcoma [20]. Pleomorphic acid-fast bacteria have been observed in AIDS-related lymphoma and Kaposi?s sarcoma by Cantwell et al. [21-24].

Before chemotherapy and radiation treatments were designed for HD, the disease was uniformly fatal. Now the 5-year survival rate is about 80%. However, the patient may play a heavy price healthwise for this standard therapy. Patients who survive radiation treatment for HD can develop a second related cancer. According to Aisenberg, deaths from second malignancies are the most important cause of death other than HD itself [25].

A recent study points to radiation as causing women survivors of HD to have up to a 40 percent greater risk for breast cancer [26]. HD patients are also at increased risk for acute leukemia and non-Hodgkin?s lymphoma. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center researchers have found that patients surviving childhood Hodgkin?s disease suffer strokes later in life at rates about four times that of the general population. They suspect the radiation used in treating this cancer as a cause [27].

Because the cause of all these different cancers is unknown, it is assumed there is no etiologic connection between them. However, cancer microbe research suggests that infectious pleomorphic bacteria (and virus-like forms of bacteria) are implicated in many forms of cancer.........................................